Testing machine



April 2`5, 1933. w, EGY

TESTING- MACHINE Filed June 4, Y 1930 2 sneets-shet 1 TESTING MACHINE Filed June 4; leso 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Snnentor Jttornegs Patented Apr. 25, 1933 UNiTE/o STATES PATENT ori-'ica W'ILLABD L. EGY, OF TROY, NEW YORK, SBIGNOR TO W. I'. E. GUBLEY, Ol' TROY,

YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK HAOHINE Application led June 4,

This invention relates to testing devices,

`and particularly to devices for testing the porosity of sheets, patricularly paper sheets.

The device is in the nature of an improvement on the structure described in the patent to Gallagher et al., No. 1,538,793, issued May 19,1925. The purpose of the invention is to secure a clam ingmeans for the specimen which is readi y manipulated and.

ing factor in the weight of the bell.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a view 'lar ely in vertical axial section of the complete device.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the lower clamping ring and showing the arrangement o the universal tilting mount for this ring.

Fig. 3 is `a perspective view of the parts shown in Fig. 2 separated to illustrate the construction.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section through the base of the device, the plane of section being at right angles to the plane of section of Fig. 1. p F Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of The device is supported as a whole by a base member having a supporting plate 11 from which rises a tubular guide member 12. At the rear of the plate 11 and con'- nected to the guide member 12 is a web 13 reinforced by a flange 14, the web and Bange serving to support a circular ring 15. This ring is concentric with the axis of the vertical guideway 12 and is counterbored to receive a tank structure which is made u of the annular bottom 16, a cylindrical sheli 17 and the open ended tube 18 which is screwed into the opening at the center of the ammlar bottom 16. The parts 16, 17 and 18 iaso. serial no. 459.204.

make liquid-tight joints with each other, and the tube 18 projects upward within the shell 17 to a point near but slightly below the upper margin of the member 17.

' Mounted on the inner surace of the shell 17 are vertical guide strips 19 (see Figs. 1 and 5), and the/top of the member 17 is reinforced by an encircling fiange ring 21. Mounted to slide verticall within the guide members 19 is an invertedycup or bell member made up of a cylindrical sleeve 22 and a head 23 which hermeticall closes'the upper end of the sleeve 22. a peripheral flange 24, and the sleeve 22 is marked with spaced c1rcumerentialv gradu.

ations, some of which are' shown at 25 in Fig. 1. These graduations may have numerals such as shown at 26to indicate the volume within the bell above the liquid level in the device, as 'hereinafter explained. The graduations are read against the tp edge of flange ring 21.

The lower end of the sleeve 22 is sealed by a liquid contained in the shell 17, the uppgr level of the liquid, being indicated at 3 Fig. 1 shows the bell slightly raised from its lowermost position. At the start of a test it is set at a definite position and then allowed to descend to its lowermost position. Its descent expels air from the space above the liquid level 37 downwardI through the tube 18. The air expelled through thetube 18 is caused to pass through the specimen undergoing test and the time required for the passage of a volume indicated by the graduation at the start of the test is a funes tion of the porosity of the specimen.

The specimen is clamped by a clamping device mounted at the lower end of the tube 18, which will now be described. The u per clamping ring is indicated at 38 and is eld in place in a recess in the lower face of the member 16 by screws 39. The member 38 has on its lower clamping face a projecting rim 41 which is opposed to a similar 'rim on the upper face of the lower clamping ring 42. The ring 42 is mounted in a cuplike vretainer 43 formed in the upper end of bottom of the cup 43 is an equalizng plate 45 which has on itsl upper face a pair of' aligned radial grooves 46, and on its lowei` face a pair of aligned radial grooves 47 at right angles thereto. The grooves 46 serve to receive and position a wire 48 and the grooves 47 pos1t1on a similar wire 49 winch 1s at right angles to the wire 48. The wire 48 bears on the fiat lower face of the ring 42 and the wire 49 bears on the fiat face at the bottom of the cup 43. In this way a freely movable tilting universal joint is provided to support the ring 42.

It will be observed that there is ample clearance around Vthe rings 42 and 45 within the cup 43 and that the wires have a rolling contact with )lane surfaces sothat free universal action 1s secured. The members 38, 42 and 45 being open at their centers, free passage is oiered for air arriving through the tube 18 and passing through a specimen clamped between the rings 38 and 42.

Thevplunger 44 is hollow and there is a vent port 51 through the bottom of the guide 12. The plunger 44 is urged upward in a clamping direction by a coil compression spring 52. This spring will exert sub stantially uniform ressure on all specimens of ordinary thickness. the thickness of the specimen being very slight in comparison to thef total length of the spring. Io permit ready depression of the plunger this is provided with two aligned lugs or studs 53 which project through slotsv 54 formed in the guide member 12. A U-shaped lever 55 is pivoted at 56 on the base structure and overlies the projecting ends' of the studs 53. By depressing the lever 55 the plunger 44 is depressed to release the specimen and to permit the insertion of a new specimen.

With the specimen A in position. asindicated in Fig. 4, the bell is drawn upward. causing air to be drawn into the bell, such air bubbling through the sealing liquid. The bell will then be sustainedby air trapped Withinfit and will slowly descend as this air cscapeskthrough the pores in the paper specimen. By reading the volumes atvthe beginning and end of descent, the. volume of air displaced can be determined. This volunie in conjunction with the timerequired for descent of the bell gives a definite measure of the porosity of the specimen.

The embodiment described has been chosen for illustrative purposes. Obviously the parts are subject to considerable rearrangement and modification of form, and no limitation to the specific form illustrated is implied.

I claims- 1. In a device for testing the porosity of sheets, the combination of a rece tacle open at its top and containin a sealing liquid; an inverted cup guided 01 vertical motion in saidl receptacle and having its open lower at its top and containing a sealing liquid;

an inverted cup guided for vertical motion lin said receptacle and having its open lower end sealed by said liquid; a tubular member leading from the air space within said cup downward through said receptacle, and thence to a point external thereto; means for interposing a specimen sheet in the path of air discharging through said tubular member, said means comprising a pair of apertured clamping plates, a sustaining member for one of said plates, said member having two ulcrum rib members angularly disposed to each other; and yieldin means acting through said sustaining mem er and urging said plates together.

3. In a testing machine the combination with means for displacing air, and a conduit through which such air -is displaced, of means for sustaining a specimen sheet in the path of air flowing through said conduit, said means including apertured clamp ing members, supporting means for sald members adapted to guide one member in motion toward and from the other; yielding means for urging the movable member toward said other member; and a thrust transmitting means interposed between said movable clamping member and said yielding means and comprising a member provide with cylindrical thrust surfaces, the axes of said cylindrical surfaces bein substantially at right angles with each ot er, one being in ro ling contact with the yielding means and the other in rolling contact with the movable clamping member.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLARD L. EGY. 

